Option 2

Like with many things in the 21st century, I think refereeing has been hurt by pushing for more technology but then not using that technology in the right way. There are now four umpires on the ice (two referees and two linesmen) and with the speed of the players only increasing, it's just become more people to get in the way of the play while actually becoming harder for those umpires to keep up with and aware of the play happening all around them. But we've also overloaded the arena with a billion cameras which only come into play when occasionally the off-ice ref and more usually a bunch of people in a different city/country waste our time by trying to review them frame-by-frame, which manages to slow down the viewing experience of the game and actually creates more confusion and inconsistency by litigating the action after-the-fact and at a speed neither the human eye nor the rules can keep up with.

My fix would be to go back to just two on-ice referees who are there to handle face offs and blow the whistles and call really obvious crap. Move the two linesmen off the ice to create a three man (plus two goal judges) who are watching the game and a bunch of camera angles live from between the benches or whatever. One of them is just watching without himself having to move, while the other two are watching fixed video of the blue lines and the benches and the goal lines. They all have a button that either blows an automated whistle or signals the skating refs to blow a whistle. These off-ice refs are there to call offside, too many men, and anything happening behind the play where the on-ice refs aren't looking. Everything is reviewable but subject to just 1 minute of video replay at no slower than half speed. The five refs each get a vote, simple majority of 3 makes the final decision.